puma怎麽讀(彪馬puma是什麽意思)

Lesson 1 A puma at large

Part 1 Words and Expressions

(1) puma美洲獅(一種大型貓科美洲野生動物，皮毛為黃褐色或灰色)

(2) spot(看到或注意到一個人或一件事，尤其是突然地或不容易這樣做時)

我在人群中看到了我的父親。我從人群中認出了我的父親。

這位好萊塢巨星和她的億萬富翁男友在太陽穀度假村被狗仔隊拍到。

這位好萊塢明星和她的億萬富翁男友在太陽穀度假村被狗仔隊拍到。

從上麵兩個例子總結：spot做動詞表示不好找。

斑點，斑點

翻譯下列斜體字：

這個古鎮是上海的一個景點。吸引

江山易改，本性難移。(諺語)江山易改，本性難移。

(3) evidence's證據=證明(使你相信某事的事實、跡象或物體)。是真的；用來試圖證明某事的信息。)

(4) accumulate(逐漸得到越來越多的某物。在一段時間內)

翻譯例句中的斜體，區分accumulate是及物動詞還是不及物動詞；

大多數人類和其他動物體重增加是因為他們積累脂肪。

脂肪及物動詞的積累

他的作業是在一周的長假中積累起來的。

作業積累的不及物動詞比較多。

辨別下列同義詞，選擇單詞填空：

a .積累是一個長期積累的過程，量是逐漸增加的。

b .用於人時，指按要求或自發地在某處“聚集”或“聚集”。用於事物時，指分散的事物或把分散的事物聚合或聚集在一起。

c .為了某個目的或作為一種愛好收集某物。

D.assemble用於人時指“聚集”和“聚集”。其用法與gather相同，但比gather更正式。用於事物時，指“組裝”和“裝配”，即把部件組裝成一個整體。

鉛會進入人體

It takes about two days to Da bicycle.

One of Tony’s hobbies was to Crare birds.

In the evenings, we Baround the fireplace and talked.

(5) obligev. 使……感到必須 (usu. passive; to force sb. to do sth., by law, because it is a duty, etc.)

詞組對比：

feel obliged to do sth. 感覺有必要做某事

be obliged to do sth. 被迫做某事

翻譯下句（重點判斷該例句運用以上哪個詞組？）

我感到不得不把事實告訴你：我不是你的生父。你是領養的。

I feel obliged to tell the truth to you thatI’m not your birth father, and you are adopted.

（學生版不出現：以上例句中birth father和that同位語從句判斷可以成為講解重點）

猜猜看：oblige的名詞形式和中文意思：obligation義務

(6) huntn. 追獵，尋找 (an act of looking for sth. that is difficult to find)

(7) blackberryn. 黑莓 (large sweet black or very dark purple edible aggregate fruit of any of various bushes of the genus Rubus)

猜猜看：job hunting 找工作

(8) human being人類(any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage)

(9) cornerv. 使走途無路，使陷入困境 (to get a person or an animal into a place or situation from which they cannot escape)

溫故知新：corner n. 角落

介詞填空：on/atthe corner of the street

inthe corner of the room

onthe corner of the desk

動詞詞組：be cornered by被逼得走投無路(常用於被動語態)

我被這道數學題難倒了。I was cornered by the maths problem.

A dog doesn’t bite unless it is cornered. （打一成語）狗急跳牆

(10) trailn. 一串，一係列 (a track, sign or smell that is left behind and that can be followed, esp. in hunting)

翻譯以下例句的斜體字部分，並判斷trail的詞性：

The typhoon has left a trail of deathand destruction across much of central Japan.

一串死亡足跡 名詞

The police trailed the criminalto the place where he was hiding. 追蹤犯罪者 動詞

(11) printn. 印痕 (a visible indication made on a surface)

猜猜看以下相關合成詞：

fingerprint 手印

footprint 足跡

printer 打印機

(12) clingvi. 粘 (clung-clung) ≈ stick(to hold on tightly to sb. / sth.)

結構：cling to粘住，堅持

e.g. 她總是粘著她的媽媽。 She is always clinging to her mother.

他堅持相信他會成功的。He clung to the hope thathe would succeed.

(13) convincev. 使……信服 (to make sb. /yourself believe that sth. is true)

結構1：convince sb. of sth.使某人相信……

翻譯：The suspect tried to convince the jury of his innocence.

疑犯試圖讓陪審團相信他是無罪的。

結構2：sb. be convinced that…某人相信 = sb. believe that…

總統相信中國將會是美國的一大威脅。

The president is convinced that China will be a big threat to America.

(14) somehowadv. 不知怎麽搞地，不知道什麽原因 (in a way that is not known or certain; for a reason that you do not know or understand)

不知怎麽地，他又犯了一個低級錯誤。He somehow made another stupid mistake.

形近詞區分：somewhat表示一點兒

e.g. My girlfriend was somewhat angry with me.

(15) disturbv. 令人不安 (to make sb. worry)

e.g. 在我工作時，不希望有任何人來打擾我。（動詞不定式的被動式，分詞作狀語）

I don’t want to be disturbed when/while working.

（【學生版不出現】：以上例句中to be disturbed和while working是必用結構，可以考驗到學生應有的語法水平）

Wind disturbs the water. 風吹皺水麵。

口語：當你打擾到別人的工作時，你會說Sorry to disturb you.

disturbing adj. 令人不安的

disturbed adj. 感到不安的，精神錯亂的

形容詞2選1：

It is disturbingto think that the earthquake victims are crying in the sheltering while we are sitting in the room safely.

Mentally disturbedpeople use the yellow color so much in their paintings.

Part 2 Text

(1) (Ph1) Pumas are large, cat-likeanimals which are found in America.

l 單詞：America 美洲

l 詞組：cat-like adj. 像貓一樣的

模仿：

an innocent girl: an angel-likegirl

life-like 栩栩如生的

l 句型模仿：UFO是一種像盤子一樣的巨型飛行物，在全世界都有發現。

UFOs are large, plate-like flying objects which are found all over the world.

l 閱讀理解：對比標題和課文首句，分析選擇文章結構走向：大→小 小→大

（課文第一句定義美洲獅，而標題中的美洲獅有限定成分，即at large, 從文章走勢來看，下文寫的是具體的一隻美洲獅，而非籠統的，所以從大寫到小【學生版不出現】）

(2) When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.

l 詞組：take sth. seriously = deal with sth. seriously 認真對待某事

l 語法：that引導的同位語從句，說明前麵名詞reports的具體內容

請區分以下從句類型：

The news that she heardis true. 她聽到的消息是真的。定語從句

The news that she will go abroadis true. 她將出國這消息是真的。同位語從句

（【學生版不出現】：定語從句修飾的名詞在定語從句中充當成分，而同位語從句則不充當成分）

l 句型亮點：在英語中，改變一切用“人”作主語的習慣，學會直接用“物”作主語，該句中用come into London Zoo代替people in London Zoo got the report

仿寫：老師們收到消息，說取消這周的英語測試。

The news came to the teachers that the English test in this week will be cancelled.

(3) However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seenthe puma were extraordinarily similar.

l 單詞：investigate v. 調查investigationn.

l 詞組：claim to have seen聲稱看到過

l 句型分析：the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar找出此句中的主幹部分：the descriptions were similar

l 亮點：英文句子強調靈活多變，可以把主語不同的小句子通過不同連詞巧妙而緊密的連接，如本句中as引導時間狀語從句，for引導原因狀語從句，given by people 分詞作後置定語，who引導定語從句，主幹部分為experts felt obliged to investigate.

(4) (Ph2) The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw ‘a large cat’ only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmedthat a puma will notattack a human being unlessit is cornered.

l 單詞：confirm v. 證實，證明，確認

l 句型：will not和unless構成雙重否定，比用will和only更加強調

模仿：外星人除非被打擾，不然是不會襲擊人類的。

Aliens won’t attack human beings unless they are disturbed.

l 閱讀理解：本段後兩句話的邏輯關係：因果

(5) The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes.

l 閱讀理解：本段體現了puma的一大特性：mobility（英文單詞）

l 語法：劃線部分在句中成分是：賓語

(6) Several people complained of‘cat-like noises’ at night and a businessman on a fishing tripsaw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal wasa puma, but where had it come from?

l 詞組：on a fishing trip在釣魚的旅途中

相關：on the increase 在增加

on the match 比賽中

l 閱讀理解1.原文be convinced可否替換成並sure等常規詞？

（【學生版不出現】：sure主要是因為這些詞主觀性較強，而be convinced則注重客觀，更符合說明文的特點）

閱讀理解2. 在上文中puma存在的證據（或證人）有：a woman picking blackberries, a trail of dead deer and small animals, Paw prints, puma fur, ‘cat-like noises’, a businessman on a fishing trip

(7) As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession ofa private collector and somehow managed toescape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at largein the quiet countryside.

l 詞組：sth. be in the possession of sb. = sth. belong to sb.

對比：sb. be in possession of sth.= sb. have sth.

詞組：at large 在逃的

l 語言亮點：最後一句中的wild/dangerous和quiet形成對比

l 句型模仿：想到另一群生物從天上俯視我們確實令很多人感到擔心和不安。

It is disturbing for us to think that some creatures are looking down at us from the sky.

Part 3 Critical thinking / Cultural background

思考：What do you think about the image of the zoo experts in this passage? Find some adjectives to support your ideas.

參考答案： not credulous, incompetent（無標準答案，學生能自圓其說即可）

本文到此結束，希望對大家有所幫助呢。